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RAPID REVIEW 1
- Altruism refers to behavior
a. motivated by fear of ostracism.
b. without a discernable self-serving motive.
c. with a discernable self-serving motive.
d. linked to reward and punishment.
- Proponents of the theory of __________ believe that altruism is an evolutionary motive designed to protect those similar to ourselves, giving a distinct advantage to those sharing at least some of our genes.
a. altruistic evolution
b. social Darwinism
c. social cognition
d. kin selection
- True or False: According to the empathy hypothesis of altruism, individuals are more likely to help someone in need if they can imagine themselves in similar situations.
a. True
b. False
- According to social learning theorists, models increase our likelihood to help by
a. persuasion.
b. positive example.
c. providing positive reinforcement for our helping behaviors.
d. poor example.
- Societal expectations for behavior that become part of shared culture are known as
a. effective norms.
b. social norms.
c. normative behaviors.
d. social psychology.
RAPID REVIEW 2
- True or False: People are more likely to help when they are alone than when they are in the presence of many others.
a. True
b. False
- Kitty Genovese is known for
a. developing the CAT scanner.
b. conducting early research on altruism.
c. being murdered in New York City in front of many witnesses.
d. jumping into the freezing Potomac river to save drowning victims of the Air Florida air crash.
- According to researchers, the factor responsible for the bystander effect may be
a. social phobia.
b. social responsibility.
c. diffusion of responsibility.
d. Irresponsibility.
- What percentage of research participants in Latane and Darley's study left the room to provide help when the research participants thought they were alone?
a. 75%
b. 82%
c. 15%
d. 85%
- The question of most interest to social psychologists concerning the Kitty Genovese case is
a. why Kitty Genovese didn't fight harder to get away from the perpetrator.
b. what was Kitty Genovese doing out alone at that time of the morning.
c. why didn't any of the more than 38 people watching help her.
d. what drives men to commit such horrible crimes.
RAPID REVIEW 3
- Which of the following is not a step in the decision model of helping?
a. noticing an emergency
b. assuming responsibility
c. seeking someone more experienced to help
d. committing to act
- An ironic note in the Darley and Batson study of helping behaviors among seminary students is that
a. seminary students were on their way purchase a book on the parable of the good Samaritan.
b. seminary students had just received awards for good Samaritanism.
c. seminary students had just left a lecture on the parable of the good Samaritan.
d. seminary students were on their way to deliver a talk on the topic of the good Samaritan.
- The first stage of the decision model of helping is
a. interpreting the situation correctly.
b. noticing the emergency.
c. committing to act.
d. assuming responsibility.
- All of the following costs are influential in committing to action except
a. physical danger.
b. monetary cost.
c. possible embarrassment.
- True or False: People tend to think less about their own personal responsibility to help when they are part of a large group of bystanders.
a. True
b. False
RAPID REVIEW 4
- Beliefs about the characteristics, attributes, and behaviors of members of certain groups, are known as
a. prejudice.
b. stereotypes.
c. discrimination.
d. ennui.
- Ethnocentrism refers to a belief in
a. the superiority of one's own group.
b. the superiority of all groups to the outgroup.
c. racial mixing.
d. cultural relativism.
- True or False: Discrimination is the affective component of stereotypes.
a. True
b. False
- Self-fulfilling prophecy refers to
a. the seventh sign of the apocalypse.
b. the creation of conditions that lead to the confirmation of stereotypes.
c. the creation of conditions that preclude the affirmation of stereotypes.
d. a decrease in the likelihood of a stereotype.
- People high in authoritarianism believe all of the following except
a. rules should be vague.
b. authorities should be obeyed.
c. weakness should not be tolerated.
d. wrongs should be punished.
RAPID REVIEW 5
- Conflict occurs when
a. a group of individuals agrees to jointly pursue a single aim.
b. resources are plentiful to distribute equally to all.
c. one person's plans, needs, or goals are perceived as competing with another person's plans, needs, or goals.
- True or False: In pure competition, one person's gain does not necessarily come at the expense of another.
a. True
b. False
- A tennis match is an example of
a. non-zero-sum competition.
b. pure competition.
c. cooperation
d. a social trap.
- The factor that leads each side of a conflict to see the behavior of the other side as reflecting their dispositional nature is known as
a. favoritism.
b. the Kandinski effect.
c. fundamental attribution error.
d. self-fulfilling prophesy.
- Social traps refer to
a. the pursuit of short-term goals leading to collective success.
b. the pursuit of short-term aims leading to collective failure.
c. the pursuit of short-term aims leading to both collective failure and success.
d. pure competition.
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