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CONFORMITY
- Social psychology is the study of
a. the ways social behavior is influenced by psychophysiological processes.
b. the influence of human learning on social behavior.
c. the ways that the real or imagined presence of others influences behavior.
d. competition and cooperation.
- When we conform for emotional reasons, such as to avoid social rejection, ridicule, or disapproval, the group is said to be exerting _______ influence on us
a. explicative
b. unconditional
c. normative
d. private
- True or False: Conformity occurs when people change their beliefs in response to real or imagined group pressure.
a. True
b. False
- The more we want the others in our group to like us, the more emotional power they have over us. This statement is an example of the conformity factor__________________.
a. group cohesiveness
b. stress
c. unanimity
d. self-confidence
- In Solomon Asch's 1955 conformity study, research participants caved in and publicly selected the wrong answer
a. 15% of the time
b. 30% of the time.
c. 35% of the time.
d. 76% of the time.
OBEDIENCE TO AUTHORITY
- Stanley Milgram's research on obedience was motivated by his desire to
a. demonstrate that only morally corrupt individuals commit horrific acts.
b. demonstrate that even normal individuals are capable of committing horrific acts under the right conditions.
c. demonstrate that college students are generally violent.
d. assess the effects of shock on heart condition.
- Which of the following was not identified as a factor in obedience to authority?
a. personal responsibility
b. personal moral beliefs
c. power
d. entrapment
- David Koresh was
a. the lead singer of the Partridge Family.
b. the "experimenter" in Stanley Milgram's experiment.
c. the "learner" in Stanley Milgram's experiment.
d. the leader of the apocalyptic sect known as the Branch Davidians.
- In the Milgram study, the "learner" was
a. a research confederate, pretending to be shocked.
b. a research participant, just like the "teacher."
c. really shocked by the "teacher" to improve the "learner's" performance.
d. Stanley Milgram.
- True or False: In a compelling study demonstrating the potentially negative effects of power, entrapment, and responsibility on obedience, nurses actually administered dangerous levels of a new drug to a patient despite the fact that both the ordering physician and the medication were unfamiliar.
a. True
b. False
GROUP DECISIONS
- True or False: According to James Stoner's research findings, people are far more likely to make risky decisions when they are making individual decisions than they are when making decisions in groups.
a. True
b. False
- Social psychologists suggest that massive failures such as the Bay of Pigs invasion or the space shuttle Challenger accident are the result of
a. bad karma.
b. poor timing.
c. unexplained forces.
d. poor decision making.
- True or False: It has been suggested that space shuttle Challenger explosion resulted from, among other things, faulty decision-making processes.
a. True
b. False
- According to sociologist Irving Janis, groupthink occurs when
a. the members of a group become excessively concerned with reaching consensus and keeping conflicts to a minimum.
b. the members of a group are unconvinced of the group's power to make a rational decision.
c. the members of the group are not concerned with reaching consensus and keeping conflicts to a minimum.
d. individuals oppose group norms.
- Sometimes groups are overconfident that past successes will continue. This phenomenon is referred to by social psychologists as:
a. the illusion of unanimity.
b. the Bay of Pigs invasion.
c. Mind Guards.
d. the illusion of invulnerability.
SOCIAL THINKING
- True or False: Self-serving bias refers to the tendency for people to take credit equally for both successes and failures.
a. True
b. False
- Social cognition refers to:
a. the process of interpreting information about the self based on experience.
b. our attempt to actively interpret and make sense of information about other persons.
c. thinking in the presence of at least one other person.
d. attempts to engage others in conversation.
- According to research findings, women with _______ faces, and men with ______ features are generally considered most attractive.
a. mature, mature
b. baby, baby
c. mature, baby
d. baby, mature
- Cultures in which the theme of individual autonomy is deeply ingrained are referred to as
a. collectivist cultures.
b. individualistic cultures.
b. cooperative cultures.
b. self-centered cultures.
- John drinks the night before an important tennis match in order to give himself an excuse in the event he doesn't win the match. John is
a. self-handicapping.
b. self-actualizing.
c. an alcoholic.
d. carbo-loading.
INTERPERSONAL ATTRACTION
- What factor would explain the general tendency for students to make friends with other students close to them, such as those students in their classes or students living in their dorms?
a. secure attachment
b. infatuation
c. proximity
d. proportionality
- According to social psychologist Zick Rubin, the three components of love are
a. attachment, caring, and intimacy.
b. caring, sharing, and passion.
b. intimacy, passion, and commitment.
b. passion, caring, and attachment.
- According to Robert Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love, the three dimensions of the triangle are
a. passion, commitment, and intimacy.
b. passion, infidelity, and intimacy.
c. avoidance, commitment, and intimacy
d. passion, commitment, and isolation.
- According to the findings of researchers, most American children are
a. insecurely attached.
b. ambivalently attached.
c. securely attached.
d. avoidance attached.
- True or False: Adults classified under the attachment style "avoidant attachment" in their romantic relationships are considered overly trusting of others
a. True
b. False
ATTITUDES AND ATTITUDE CHANGE
- When it comes to the speaker, all of the following factors influence persuasion except
a. fast speakers are more persuasive than slow speakers.
b. attractive speakers are more persuasive than unattractive speakers.
b. ordinary people are more persuasive when it comes to perceived facts
b. experts are more persuasive when it comes to questions of perceived facts.
- True or False: When researcher Richard LaPiere traveled across the Western part of the United States with a Chinese couple, they were refused service frequently when approaching hotels, campgrounds and restaurants for service.
a. True
b. False
- The argument that persuasive speech should be analyzed from the perspective of who says what to whom was first formulated by
a. Kierkegaard.
b. Sartre.
b. Aristotle.
b. Festinger.
- According to the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) of persuasion, the central route is taken when
a. the topic is of little relevance and there is little time to analyze things.
b. the topic is of little relevance and there is plenty of time to analyze things.
c. the topic is of high interest or importance and there is plenty of time to analyze things.
d. the topic is of high interest or importance and there is little time to analyze things.
- According to Leon Festinger, when our attitudes, beliefs, and actions are inconsistent with one another, we experience
a. cognitive disequiliibrium.
b. cognitive inhibition.
c. cognitive dissonance.
d. cognitive dishabituation.
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